Genetic engineering is the applied aspect of molecular biology, which is the very basis of all living species. Molecular biology deals with the molecular basis of biological or genetic specificity. It has three components: Biochemistry, Genetics, and Cell Biology. Broadly, genetic engineering means the manipulation of genes under controlled laboratory conditions. Gene cloning, which includes the isolation and characterization of single genes and reintroduction and expression of these genes into cells of the same or different species, is the main focus of genetic engineering.
Biotechnology is the application of scientific and engineering principles to the processing of materials by biological agents to provide goods and services. Here, biological agents include microbial, animal, or plant cells and enzymes that are used to synthesize, degrade or transform materials. The scientific and engineering principles are mainly: Biochemistry, Microbiology, Genetics, and Biochemical & Chemical Engineering. The most recently developed skill in present-day biotechnology is genetic engineering.
45 courses · 140 credit hours across 4 terms
| Code | Course title | Credits | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GEB 101 | Fundamentals of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology | 4 |
1. Biotechnology, 2. Potential Areas of Biotechnology, 3. Introduction to Cell and Tissue Culture Techniques, 4. Recombinant DNA Technology and its Tools |
| GEB 102 | Basic Biology | 2 |
1. Concepts of Life and Evolution , 2. Protists and Fungi, 3. Green plants, 4. Animals and model organism, 5. Ecology and Environmental Biology, 6. Biodiversity and Conservation Biology |
| GEB 103 | Basic Biochemistry | 4 |
1. Structure and Organization of the Cell, 2. Amino acids, Peptides and Proteins, 3. Carbohydrates, 4. Lipids, 5. Nucleic Acids, 6. Central Dogma of Molecular Biology |
| GEB 104 | Basic Microbiology | 4 |
1. Historical development , 2. Microscope and observing microorganisms, 3. Bacteria, 4. Microbial growth and control, 5. Virus, 6. Algae and Fungi, 7. Actinomycetes, 8. Infectious diseases: host-microbe interactions, 9. Introductory applied microbiology |
| GEB 105 | Human Physiology | 4 |
1. Tissues and Organs , 2. Digestive System, 3. Gastro-intestinal (GI) system and Liver, 4. Cardiovascular and the circulatory system 5.Respiratory System, 6. Brain and Nervous system, 7. Renal System, 8. Blood, 9. Endocrine System, 10. Reproductive System |
| GEB 106 | Chemistry for Biologists-1 | 4 |
1. Physical Chemistry: Basic Concepts; Structure and Bonding;Thermodynamics; Chemical Equilibrium 2. Inorganic Chemistry:Periodic Patterns in the Main-Group Elements; Transition Elements and Their Coordination Compounds, 3. Organic Chemistry:Basic Concepts; Properties and Reactivity of Common Functional Groups, 4. Analytical Chemistry:Calorimetry; Acid-Base Titration Curves; Ionic Equilibria in Chemical Analysis, 5. Biological Chemistry: Chemical Equilibrium in Biology; Thermodynamics in Biology; Molecular Self-Assembly in Biology |
| GEB 107 | Mathematics for Biologists | 2 |
1. Functions and Their Graphs, 2. Linear and Quadratic/ Polynomial Functions, 3. Sequences and Series, 4. Matrix Models, 5. Coordinate Geometry , 6. Calculus, 7. Modelling with Differential Equations |
| GEB 108 | Physics for Biologists | 2 |
1. Fluid Mechanics, 2. Electricity and Magnetism, 3. Biophysical Phenomena of Light, 4. Basic Electronics and Biosensors, 5. Nucleonics and Nuclear Medicine, 5. Nucleonics and Nuclear Medicine
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| GEB 109 | Laboratory Experiments | 4 |
1. Introduction to laboratory, laboratory facilities and safety, 2. Introduction of laboratory instruments and its operation, 3. Preparation of buffers and other solution, 4. Preparation of normal solution of Na2CO3 and determination of the strength of HCl solution by titration method, 5. Estimation of ascorbic acid content by Bessel’s titrimetric method, 6. Estimation of acetic acid content of the supplied vinegar solution, 7. Standardization of Potassium Permanganate solution against Sodium Oxalate as primary standard, 8. Determination of protein concentration by BIURET and Lowry method, 9. Laboratory measurement of heat of reactions, 10. Preparation of microbiological culture media, 11. Inoculation and culturing of bacteria and fungi, 12. Obtaining a pure culture; short- and long-term preservation of culture, 13. Determination of protease activity of bacteria, a qualitative test, 14. Motility, Indole and Urease (MIU) Test, 15. Gram staining and morphological study of bacteria, 16. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacteria by agar diffusion method, 17. Growth of bacterial population: growth curve, 18. DNA extraction from a biological sample,
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| GEB 110 | Viva voce | 2 | After completion of all theory course examinations of First Year, students will face a viva voce (oral examination) conducted by the respective examination committee approved by the University. The viva voce is an important mode of assessment, providing an opportunity for the students to demonstrate their knowledge, approach and understandings with the examiners. |
| Code | Course title | Credits | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GEB 201 | Principles of Genetics | 2 | 1. Mendelism and chromosomal theory of inheritance, 2. Extension of Mendelian genetics, 3. Molecular basis of genetic dominance, 4. Population Genetics, 5. Quantitative and evolutionary genetics, 6. Clinical genetics, |
| GEB 202 | Basic Molecular Biology | 4 | 1. Organization of the genome, 2. DNA replication, 3. Transcription, 4. Translation, 5. Regulation of Gene Expression, 6. DNA repair and recombination, 7. Organelle genome, |
| GEB 203 | Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics | 4 | 1. Introduction, 2. Enzyme Catalysis, 3. Specificity of Enzymes, 4. Enzyme Kinetics, 5. Enzyme Inhibition, 6. Enzyme Regulation, 7. Mechanism of Enzyme Action, 8. Non-Protein Enzymes, 9. Applications of Enzymes |
| GEB 204 | Protein Structure and Function | 2 | 1. Peptides and Proteins, 2. Protein Composition and Structure, 3. Protein Purification and Amino Acid Sequence Determination, 4. Membrane Proteins and Transport, 5. Protein Function, |
| GEB 205 | Bioenergetics and Metabolism | 4 | 1. Bioenergetics, 2. Regulation of metabolic processes, 3. Carbohydrate Metabolism, 4. Fatty Acid Metabolism & Cholesterol Biosynthesis, 5. Amino Acid metabolism, 6.Nucleotide Biosynthesis and Metabolism |
| GEB 206 | Virology | 2 | 1. Introduction to virus, 2. Cultivation, purification and enumeration of viruses, 3. Replication cycle, 4. Pathogenesis of viral infection, 5. Prevention and treatment of viral infection, 6. Prions and viroids, 7. Viruses – promise and problems |
| GEB 207 | Chemistry for Biologists-2 | 4 | 1. Physical Chemistry: Reaction Kinetics; Electrochemistry; Photochemistry; Nuclear Reactions, 2. Inorganic Chemistry: Metallurgy and Chemical Manufacturing; Polymers; Cheminformatics, 3. Organic Chemistry, 4. Analytical Chemistry: Measuring Reaction Rates; Spectroscopy and Spectrometry |
| GEB 208 | Computing and Programming for Biologists | 4 | 1. Introduction, 2. Operating Systems, 3. Shell/Bash scripting: Shell script writing for data processing, 4. Computer Networks and Internet Systems, 5. Databases, 6. Basic Algorithms , 7. Python Programming, |
| GEB 209 | Laboratory Experiments | 6 | 1. Wet-lab Experiments:General Practices; Chemistry; Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics; Biochemistry and Metabolism; Physiology; Molecular Biology, 2. Bioinformatics Experiments: Introduction to bioinformatics, goal and scope; Exploring Nucleic Acid Databases and Data mining; Proteomics: Biochemical Properties and Structure predictions of Proteins; Sanger Sequence data analysis; 5. DNA Amplification and Cloning |
| GEB 210 | Viva voce | 2 | After completion of all theory course examinations of Second Year, students will face a viva voce (oral examination) conducted by the respective examination committee approved by the University. The viva voce is an important mode of assessment, providing an opportunity for the students to demonstrate their knowledge, approach and understandings with the examiners. |
| Code | Course title | Credits | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GEB 301 | Microbial Genetics | 2 | 1.Introduction to Microbial Genetics, 2. Transfer of Genetic Elements, 3. Movable Genetic Elements, 4. Regulation of Gene Expression, 5. Genetics of bacteriophage, 6. CRISPR Technology, 7. Genetics of Yeast |
| GEB 302 | Developmental Biology | 2 | 1.Development of multi-cellular organisms, 3. Cytoskeleton, 3. Development of Model organisms |
| GEB 303 | Basic Immunology | 2 | 1. Introduction, 2. Innate and adaptive immunity, 3. Cells and organs of the immune system, 4. Antigens and antibodies, 5. T cell receptors and MHC molecules, 6. Antigen presentation, 7. The complement system, 8. Immunological Techniques |
| GEB 304 | Plant Physiology | 4 | 1. Plant Cell, 2. Plant growth and development, 3. Photosynthesis, 4. Respiration, 5. Plant-water relations, 6. Solute Transport, 7. Nitrogen fixation and nutrient assimilation, 8. Plant Lipids, 9. Phytohormones, 10. Acclimation and adaptation, 11. Plant secondary metabolites and their importance |
| GEB 305 | Molecular Biology of Diseases | 4 | 1. Introduction, 2. Cancer, 3. Cardiovascular disease, 4. Diabetes mellitus, 5. Liver disease, 6. AIDS, 7. Gastrointestinal diseases, 8. Brain diseases, 9. Metabolic disorders, 10. Chromosomal abnormalities |
| GEB 308 | Environmental Biotechnology, Biosafety and Biosecurity | 4 | 1. Environmental Issues, 2. Applied Environmental Biotechnology, 3. GMOs and Environment, 4. Biosafety and Biosecurity, 5. Environmental Regulations and Ethics |
| GEB 309 | Biostatistics and Epidemiology | 4 | 1. Introduction to biostatistics, 2. Frequency distribution, 3. Graphical representation of data, 4. Descriptive statistics, 5. Sampling techniques, 6. Probability and probability distribution, 7. Test of hypothesis, 8. Correlation and regression, 9. Epidemiology, 10. Quantification of disease events, 11. Use of software in biostatistics |
| GEB 311 | Viva voce | 2 | After completion of all theory course examinations of Third Year, students will face a viva voce (oral examination) conducted by the respective examination committee approved by the University. The viva voce is an important mode of assessment, providing an opportunity for the students to demonstrate their knowledge, approach and understandings with the examiners. |
| GEB 306 | Methods in Biotechnology | 3 | 1. Isolation of DNA, RNA and proteins, 2. Gel electrophoresis, 3. Polymerase chain reaction and related techniques, 4. Hybridization-based techniques, 5. Recombinant DNA technology, 6. DNA sequencing and related techniques, 7. Detection of macromolecular interactions, 8. Gene Knockout and Knock-in methods, 9. Chromatography techniques, 10. Flow cytometry, 11. Immunofluorescence microscopy, 12. Immunoassays |
| GEB 307 | Fermentation Technology and Bioprocessing | 3 | 1. Introduction to fermentation processes, 2. Inoculum, 3. Fermentation media, 4. Sterilization processes, 5. Bioreactors, 6. Growth kinetics, 7. Operating conditions and control, 8. Fermentation Scale-up, 9. Downstream processing, 10. Bioprocessing |
| GEB 310 | Laboratory Experiments | 6 | Wet-Lab experiments: 1. Handling and measuring small volumes: Micro pipetting, 2. Solution preparation for analytical measurement, 3. Isolation and detection of genomic DNA from animal tissue, 4.Quantification of DNA using Nanodrop, 5. Genomic DNA isolation from plant materials by CTAB method, 6. Restriction digestion analysis of plasmid DNA, 7.Amplification of DNA by polymerase chain Reaction (PCR), 8.DNA Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, 9. Excision and extraction of DNA fragments from agarose gel, 10. Isolation and quantification of RNA from animal tissue, 11. Expression of GFP protein of pGLO plasmid in E. coli, 12. Isolation of chloroplast from plant leaves, 13. Induction of callus from sunflower seeds, 14. Analyzing sporulation of Yeast, 15. Identification of human streptococcal pathogens, 16. Isolation of bacteriophages from sewage water sample, Observation of a typical fermenter and its operation |
| Code | Course title | Credits | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GEB 401 | Advanced Molecular Biology | 4 | 1. Organization of eukaryotic genome, 2. 2. Molecular biology of the telomere and telomerase, 3. The dynamic genome, 4. 4. Regulation of eukaryotic gene expression, 5. Structural and regulatory RNA, 6. Protein localization and dynamics, 7. Epigenetics, 8. Genomic imprinting |
| GEB 402 | Cell Signaling | 2 | 1. General principles of cell signaling, 2. Signaling through G-protein-coupled receptors, 3. Signaling through enzyme-coupled receptors, 4. Signaling in microorganisms and plants, 5. Signaling pathways depending on proteolysis, 6. Regulation of cell cycle by protein kinases |
| GEB 403 | Immunology | 2 | 1. Defense Against Infectious Agents, 2. Immunodeficiency, 3. Immunological tolerance, 4. Autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases, 5. Transplantation and rejection, 6. Immunity to tumors, 7. Hypersensitivity reactions |
| GEB 404 | Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenomics | 2 | 1. Introduction to molecular diagnostics, 2. Molecular diagnostic techniques, 3. DNA-based molecular diagnostics and their applications, 4. RNA-based molecular diagnostics and their applications, 5. Liquid biopsy techniques and application, 6. Molecular diagnosis and precision medicine, 7. Issues related to molecular diagnostics |
| GEB 405 | Forensic DNA Technology | 2 | 1. Overview and History of Forensic DNA Typing, 2. Basic genetic principles, 3. Biological specimen handling, 4. DNA extraction and quantitation from forensic samples, 5. DNA typing method, 6. Applications of DNA Profiling, 7. Non-human DNA Testing, 8. Statistical issues, 9. DNA database |
| GEB 410 | Marine Biotechnology | 2 | 1. Introduction to marine biotechnology, 2. Marine biodiversity and marine ecosystem, 3. Marine bioprospecting, 4. Applications of marine biotechnology |
| GEB 411 | Research Methodology | 2 | 1. Fundamentals of research, 2. Research problem and its Importance, 3. Review of Literature, 4. Planning of Research, 5. Research Design, 6. Research Design, 7. Data collection, 8. Data processing and analysis, 9. Writing of research reports |
| GEB 413 | Project | 2 | The project course provides an important opportunity for the students to plan and carry out a detailed theme/idea-based or original scientific research related to biotechnology supervised by a respective teacher. To carry out the project work, the students have to discuss with his/her supervisor about the type of work they would perform. The project work should not exceed 1-3 months. For allocating students to carry out project work, they will be asked to submit their choice of supervisor (at least 3) under whom he/she wants to perform the work. The academic committee of the department will assess their choices and will finally take a decision. |
| GEB 414 | Viva voce | 2 | After completion of all theory course examinations of Fourth Year, students will face a viva voce (oral examination) conducted by the respective examination committee approved by the University. The viva voce is an important mode of assessment, providing an opportunity for the students to demonstrate their knowledge, approach and understandings with the examiners. |
| GEB 406 | Genomics, Proteomics and Bioinformatics | 3 | 1. Overview of ‘Omics’ Sciences, 2. Biological databases, 3. Comparative Genomics, 4. Evolutionary Genomics, 5. Structural Genomics and Proteomics, 6. Functional Genomics, 7. Basic Network Biology, 8. Pharmacoinformatics, 9. Immunoinformatics, 10. Genome editing, 11. RNA informatics, 12. Metagenomics |
| GEB 407 | Microbial Biotechnology | 3 | 1. Microbial production of therapeutic agents, 2. Synthesis of commercial products by recombinant microorganisms, 3. Bioremediation and biomass utilization, 4. Plant growth-promoting bacteria, 5. Microbial insecticides, 6. Large scale production of proteins from recombinant microorganisms, 7. Vaccines, 8. Fermented food and beverage production, 9. Renewable Energy, 10. Immobilized cells and enzymes, 11. Microbial ore leaching |
| GEB 408 | Plant Biotechnology | 3 | 1. Introduction to Plant Biotechnology, 2. Plant tissue culture, 3. Transgenesis and Mutagenesis for Crop Improvement, 4. Plant molecular markers and their applications, 5. Plant Breeding, 6. Molecular Farming |
| GEB 409 | Animal Biotechnology | 3 | 1. Introduction, 2. Animal cell and tissue culture, 3. Reproduction and embryo transfer technology, 4. Ruminant fertilization, 5. Genetic manipulation and Transgenic animal, 6. Animal Cloning, 7. Animal diseases and their diagnosis, 8. Ethics in animal biotechnology |
| GEB 412 | Laboratory Experiments | 6 | Experiments: 1. Cell counting with a hemocytometer and distinguishing different blood cell types under a microscope., 2. Extraction of human DNA from buccal cells using ChelexTM and determination of genotype at D1S80 VNTR locus., 3. Isolation and detection of plasmid DNA from bacteria, 4. Preparation of competent bacterial cells and transformation with pGLO plasmid, Isolation of DNA from bacteria and amplification of specific gene sequence, 6. Isolation of RNA from bacteria and reverse transcription PCR of specific transcript., 7.Isolation of protein from bacteria and detection of GFP following SDS-PAGE and transfer to membrane (Western blot), 8. Detection of a differentially expressed protein in SDS-PAGE and determination of molecular weight of the differentially expressed protein, 9. Immunufluorescence imaging to detect expression of protein in tissues, 10. Detection of indicator microorganisms in various samples, 11. Purification of GFP protein by column chromatography, 12. Agrobaterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of plants, Bioinformatics: 1. Proteomics to Metabolomics: Structure Analysis, 2. Proteomics to Metabolomics: Function Analysis, 3. Genomics to Metabolomics: PPI Network Building, 4. Primer Designing: Basics, Field trip/industry visit/study tour: Activity 1; Field trip/industry visit/study tour. Get first hand information or experience from industry research organization / field trip through direct observation/participation in events relevant to courses. |