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Maritime Powerhouse in the Making: China’s Blue Economy—Transformation, Challenges, and the Road Ahead

Published November 9, 2026 International Centre for Ocean Governance

Bangladesh's maritime economy is still at an early stage of development. In this regard, China's development and experience in the blue economy could serve as an important source of knowledge and valuable lessons for Bangladesh, said Dr. K. M. Azam Chowdhury, Associate Professor of the Department of Oceanography, University of Dhaka, and Director of the International Centre for Ocean Governance (ICOG).

Speaking at a seminar titled “China's Marine Economy: Transformation, Challenges and Future Prospects,” held at the University of Dhaka on Sunday afternoon, Dr. Chowdhury stated that the most significant aspect of China's blue economy lies not merely in its enormous scale but also in its structural transformation.

He explained that, alongside traditional marine-based activities, particularly fisheries and maritime transportation, China has incorporated various technology-driven industries into its marine economy. These include offshore oil and gas exploration, marine biotechnology, blue carbon, and other innovative sectors.

Dr. Azam Chowdhury noted that since 2012, China has undertaken various policy initiatives to promote the development of its marine economy. These initiatives have helped establish closer coordination between marine resource management and economic activities.

Highlighting the opportunities for Bangladesh to learn from China's experience, he emphasized that the country's blue economy should not remain confined to conventional sectors such as fisheries and maritime transportation. Rather, it should be developed through an integrated approach that incorporates technology, research, industry, and environmental management.

He further emphasized that when researchers and experts from different countries exchange their experiences and perspectives, such discussions can pave the way for practical policies and effective initiatives.

At the seminar, Professor Yang Wei of Shanghai Ocean University delivered a presentation on the transformation, challenges, and future prospects of China's blue economy.

 

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